Acquired mutations are the most common cause of Cancer A general term for more than different diseases that involve the uncontrolled growth and division of abnormal cells. Cancer that occurs because of acquired mutations is called sporadic cancer. In the case of Melanoma A type of cancer that arises in melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin. UV radiation is a major risk factor for melanoma.
Learn more about UV exposure as a risk factor melanoma here. Germline mutations are less common than acquired mutations, and they occur in a sperm cell or egg cell. This mutation passes directly from parent to child at conception.
Cancer caused by germline mutations is called inherited cancer. There are two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin. When skin is exposed to ultraviolet UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds, it causes skin damage that triggers the melanocytes to produce more melanin, but only the eumelanin pigment attempts to protect the skin by causing the skin to darken or tan.
Melanoma occurs when DNA damage from burning or tanning due to UV radiation triggers changes mutations in the melanocytes, resulting in uncontrolled cellular growth. Naturally darker-skinned people have more eumelanin and naturally fair-skinned people have more pheomelanin. While eumelanin has the ability to protect the skin from sun damage, pheomelanin does not. Melanomas present in many different shapes, sizes and colors. Melanoma is usually curable when detected and treated early.
Once melanoma has spread deeper into the skin or other parts of the body, it becomes more difficult to treat and can be deadly. How and where it grows: It can arise in an existing mole or appear as a new lesion. When it begins in a mole that is already on the skin, it tends to grow on the surface of the skin for some time before penetrating more deeply.
While it can be found nearly anywhere on the body, it is most likely to appear on the torso in men, the legs in women and the upper back in both. What it looks like: It may appear as a flat or slightly raised and discolored, asymmetrical patch with uneven borders. It can also lack pigment and appear as a pink or skin-tone lesion amelanotic. What you should know: This form of melanoma often develops in older people. When this cancer becomes invasive or spreads beyond the original site, the disease is known as lentigo maligna melanoma.
How and where it grows: This form of melanoma is similar to the superficial spreading type, growing close to the skin surface at first.
They do not have more of the melanocyte cells than people with pale skin. But their melanocytes are more active and make more of the pigment. In paler people, the pigment gives you a sun tan.
Exposing your skin to the sun makes the melanocytes make more pigment. The pigment is then transferred to the other skin cells to protect them against the sun's rays.
Melanoma may occur at any age, but it is more common in older people. In comparison to most other cancer types, it is also quite common in younger people. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun or sunbeds is the main environmental factor that increases the risk of developing melanoma. Around 16, people are diagnosed with melanoma in the UK each year. The number of people diagnosed with melanoma has increased over the last few decades.
Your risk of developing melanoma depends on many things including lifestyle factors and some medical conditions. A dermatologist can recommend an appropriate brand. Don't forget sunglasses. Become familiar with your skin so that you'll notice changes. Examine your skin often for new skin growths or changes in existing moles, freckles, bumps and birthmarks. With the help of mirrors, check your face, neck, ears and scalp. Examine your chest and trunk and the tops and undersides of your arms and hands.
Examine both the front and back of your legs and your feet, including the soles and the spaces between your toes.
Also check your genital area and between your buttocks. Melanoma care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Melanoma Open pop-up dialog box Close.
Melanoma Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that begins in the cells melanocytes that control the pigment in your skin. Moles Open pop-up dialog box Close. Moles Moles are usually harmless. Melanoma Open pop-up dialog box Close.
Melanoma The first sign of melanoma is often a mole that changes size, shape or color. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Where skin cancer develops Open pop-up dialog box Close. Where skin cancer develops Skin cancer begins in the cells that make up the outer layer epidermis of your skin.
0コメント