Plant and Soil 37 , — Dommergues, Y. Soil Biol. Evans, H. Goa, J. Klucas, R. Line, M. Mandel, M. Neilson, A. Raju, P. Seidler, R. Stenzel, W. Reihe A , — Stickland, L. Umbreit, W. Burgess Publishing Co. Vancura, V. Plant and Soil 21 , — Werner, D.
Wilcockson, J. Download references. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Reprints and Permissions. Cakmakci, M.
Characteristics of nitrogen-fixing Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from wheat roots. Plant Soil 61, 53—63 Download citation. Received : 11 August Issue Date : February Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:.
Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Skip to main content. Search SpringerLink Search. Summary Of 45 fermentative gram negative bacterial isolates examined from wheat roots, three were capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen as determined by the acetylene reduction technique and by protein contents of cells.
References 1 Aho, E. Google Scholar 2 Alexander, M. Google Scholar 3 Barber, L. Google Scholar 4 Barber, L. Google Scholar 7 Cowan, S. Google Scholar 9 Dommergues, Y. Google Scholar 10 Evans, H. Google Scholar 11 Goa, J. The results of the comparative genomic analysis performed using 85 K.
Accordingly, members of Klebsiella genus are able to colonize diverse environments and to adapt to a range of lifestyle [ 52 , 53 ]. In particular, the relative abundancies of COG categories inferred from K. Accordingly, the DSM strain possesses the unique capability among the K.
In general, ferric reducing bacteria, like the Gram-negative Shewanella and Geobacter spp. As inferred from genome analysis, in the DSM strain, that does not possess genes orthologous to Shewanella and Geobacter genes involved dissimilatory pathways, cellular mechanisms controlling iron homeostasis may be taken into account for the massive reduction of Fe III to Fe II , including the possible role of i Flavin metal reductases, ii specific efflux pumps and iii siderophores. In fact, more in general and in agreement with what described by Gupta et al.
One of the two cps clusters identified in K. In addition, the presence of his genes associated with cps1 is noteworthy as well Additional file 6 : Table S4 and Additional file 5 : Supporting Information , since histidine was observed as a major amino acid component of protein fraction associated with DSM strain EPS [ 14 ].
Histidine plays a role in metal homeostasis acting either as metal chelator free-amino acid and as metal-coordinating residues in proteins, like metal chaperones or histidine-rich proteins [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. In particular, genes were identified, globally accounting for specific resistance to 23 different kinds of metals. On the other hand, as an example of general metal-detoxifying strategies, Fe-SOD - contrasting the intracellular generation of superoxide - was so far shown accumulating in presence of Fe III during both anaerobic and aerobic growth Gallo et al.
Furthermore, phosphate salt precipitation as struvite [ 60 ] can play a role in general processes devoted to metal detoxification in K. The struvite was obtained in K. The finding that the addition of toxic heavy metals to NaC medium strongly stimulates oPA activity only in aerobiosis Fig. Thus, the different effect on oPA, observed comparing aerobic and anaerobic conditions upon heavy metal additions to cultivation medium, suggests an interplay between inorganic phosphate and EPS biosynthesis that may have consequences on metal resistance of K.
In this context, it was previously observed in a phosphatase-overproducing Citrobacter sp. NCIMB grown in a bioreactor an interesting correlation between i limitation of carbon, phosphorus or nitrogen, ii the capability of liberating inorganic phosphate from an organic phosphate donor with the precipitation of metal cations as insoluble salt at the cell surface, and iii biofilm formation [ 64 ].
In addition, a clear correlation between inorganic phosphate limitation and EPS production was observed in Mycobacteria [ 65 ]. Therefore, K. Colonization, Infection, and the Accessory Genome of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
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Table S1.
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